Never heard of ROS? Let’s break it down. ROS are highly toxic molecules that can exist in your body in a variety of forms. These can include hypochlorous acid, superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals, peroxynitrite, singlet oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide. The devastating effects of ROS actually hit bodybuilders harder than your average couch potato. High levels of ROS are elevated even further every time you blast through a workout.

This could slow the progress of the hard-trainer because ROS greatly weakens the integrity of the muscle membrane, causing cell receptor function to be disrupted. Disrupting cell receptor function can impair muscle creatine uptake and severely limit muscle growth.